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Otolaryngology is the branch of medicine that focuses on
the Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT). It is the oldest medical
and surgical specialty in the United States.
An otolaryngologist is a physician that specializes in
the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the ear,
nose, and throat. Otolaryngologists are also referred to
as ENT physicians. The following are some of the medical
and surgical treatments performed by otolaryngologists:
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Sinusitis
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Nasal obstruction
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Sleep apnea
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Hoarseness
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Hearing loss
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Tinnitus (ringing in the ear)
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Allergies
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Removal of tonsils and adenoids
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Placement of ventilation tubes
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Repair eardrums
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Removal of facial skin cancers
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Treatment of cancer of the salivary glands, thyroid
gland, mouth
and throat
What specialties do otolaryngologists cover?
Otology/Neurotology: diseases of the ear,
including trauma (injury), cancer, and nerve pathway
disorders, which affect hearing and balance.
Examples: ear infection; swimmer's ear; hearing loss;
ear, face, or neck pain; dizziness, ringing in the ears
(tinnitus).
Pediatric Otolaryngology: diseases in children
with special ENT problems including birth defects in the
head and neck and developmental delays.
Examples: ear infection (otitis media), tonsil and
adenoid infection, airway problems, Down’s syndrome,
asthma and allergy/sinus disease.
Head and Neck: cancerous and non-cancerous tumors
in the head and neck, including the thyroid and
parathyroid.
Examples: lump in the neck or thyroid, cancer of the
voice box.
Rhinology: disorders of the nose and sinuses.
Examples: sinus disorder, nose bleed, stuffy nose, loss
of smell.
Laryngology: disorders of the throat, including
voice and swallowing problems.
Examples: sore throat, hoarseness, swallowing disorder,
gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
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